INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF CERTAIN FOOD ADDITIVES
WHO FOOD ADDITIVES SERIES 15
Prepared by:
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert
Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)*
Roma, 24 March - 2 April 1980
World Health Organization, Geneva 1980
* Twenty-fourth Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on
Food Additives, Roma, WHO Technical Report Series No. 653, 1980
The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS),
established in 1980, is a joint venture of the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP), the International Labour Organisation
(ILO), and the World Health Organization (WHO). The overall objectives
of the IPCS are to establish the scientific basis for assessment of
the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to
chemicals, through international peer-review processes, as a
prerequisite for the assistance in strengthening national capacities
for the sound management of chemicals.
The Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of
Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 by UNEP, ILO, the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, WHO, the United
Nations Industrial Development Organization and the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development (Participating Organizations),
following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on
Environment and Development to strengthen cooperation and increase
coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the
Participating Organizations, jointly or separately, to achieve the
sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the
environment.
WHO Food Additives Series, 1980, No. 15
TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF CERTAIN FOOD ADDITIVES
The evaluations contained in this document
were prepared by the Joint FAO/WHO,
Expert Committee on Food Additives*
Rome, 24 March - 2 April 1980
* Twenty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food
Additives, Rome, Wld Hlth Org. techn. Rep. Ser., 1980, No. 653.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
THE MONOGRAPHS
Allura red AC
Aspartame
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
Carob bean gum
Ethyl lactate
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
Sucrose esters of fatty acids and sucroglycerides
INTRODUCTION
The monographs contained in this document have been prepared by
the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives which was held in
Rome from 24 March - 2 April 1980.
Any new information and comments on the biological and
toxicological data should be addressed to: International Programme on
Chemical Safety (Food), Division of Environmental Health, World Health
Organization, Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
JOINT FAO//WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON FOOD ADDITIVES
Rome, 24 March - 2 April 1980
Members invited by FAO
Mr D. F. Dodgen, Director, Food Chemicals Codex, National Academy of
Sciences, Washington, D.C., United States of America
Mr A. W. Hubbard, Head, Food Science Division, Ministry of
Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, London, England (Chairman)
Dr W. Kroenert, Head, Food Chemistry Division, Federal Office of
Public Health, Berlin (West)
Professor K. Kojima, College of Environmental Health, Azabu
University, Sagamihara, Japan
Professor F. Pellerin, Emile Roux Hospital Centre, Eaubonne, France
Dr C. A. Vodoz, Firmenich & Co., Geneva, Switzerland
Members invited by WHO*
Dr I. C. Munro, Director, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Protection
Branch, Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Canada
(Rapporteur)
Dr G. Nazario, Director, Food Standards, National Health Council,
Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Dr E. Poulsen, Director, Institute of Toxicology, National Food
Institute, Soborg, Denmark
Professor M. J. Rand, Department of Pharmacology, University of
Melbourne, Australia (Vice-Chairman)
Professor R. Truhaut, Director, Toxicological Research Centre,
René Descartes University, Paris, France
Observer invited by FAO
Mr A. Feberwee, Chairman, Codex Committee on Food Additives,
c/o Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, The Hague, Netherlands
* Unable to attend: Dr M. F. Nesterin, Institute of Nutrition, Academy
of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR.
Secretariat
Dr H. Blumenthal, Director, Division of Toxicology, Bureau of Foods,
Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C., United States of
America (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr W. H. B. Denner, Food Science Division, Ministry of Agriculture,
Fisheries, and Food, London, England
Professor F. A. Fairweather, Department of Health and Social Security,
London, England (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr M. Fujinaga, Federation of Food Additives Associations of Japan,
Tokyo, Japan (FAO Temporary Adviser)
Dr C. L. Galli, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognozy,
University of Milan, Italy (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Mr R. Haigh, Principal Administrator, Commission of European
Communities, Brussels, Belgium (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr G. D. Kouthon, Nutrition Officer, Food Policy and Nutrition
Division, FAO, Rome, Italy (Joint Secretary)
Dr L. Ladomery, Nutrition Officer, Food Standards, Food Policy and
Nutrition Division, FAO, Rome, Italy
Dr N. Rao Maturu, Nutrition Officer, Food Standards, Food Policy and
Nutrition Division, FAO, Rome, Italy
Dr P. Shubik, Director, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer,
University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United
States of America (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr S. A. Slorach, Toxicology Laboratory, Food Research Department,
National Food Administration, Uppsala, Sweden (WHO Temporary
Adviser)
Dr G. Vettorazzi, Toxicologist - Food, International Programme on
Chemical Safety, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland (Joint Secretary)