INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
SAFETY EVALUATION OF CERTAIN FOOD
ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
WHO FOOD ADDITIVES SERIES: 44
Prepared by the Fifty-third meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO
Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
World Health Organization, Geneva, 2000
IPCS - International Programme on Chemical Safety
ANNEX 2
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE MONOGRAPHS
A volume anticipated on the basis of recent estimates
ADI acceptable daily intake
AUC area under the curve of concentration-time
Aus-NZ Australia-New Zealand
bw body weight
CCFAC Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants
Cmax maximal concentration
CYP450 cytochrome P450 enzyme complex
DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
ED50 median effective dose
EDTA ethylenetriamine tetraacetic acid
ER estrogen receptor
EU European Union
F female
F0 parental generation
F1 first filial generation
F2 second filial geneartion
F3 third filial generation
FAO Food and Agricultural Organization of the United
Nations
FBS food balance sheet
FMO flavin-containing monooxygenases
FSD fractional standard deviation
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone
GCI general cognitive index
GEMS/Food WHO Global Environment Monitoring System-Food
Contamination Monitoring and Assessment Programme
GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase
GLP good laboratory practice
GSD geometric standard deviation
GSFA General Standard for Food Additives
HES household economic survey
HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer
IC50 median inhibitory concentration
Ig immunoglobulin
IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety
IL interleukin
IQ intelligence quotient
JECFA Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
LC50 median lethal concentration
LD5-35 dose that is lethal to 5-35% of animals
LD50 median lethal dose
LH luteinizing hormone
LOEL lowest-observed-effect level
M male
MDI mental development index
MRCA Market Research Corporation of America
MSCA McCarthy scales of children's abilities
NA not available
NADP nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADPH reduced form of NADP
NAG N-acetyl glucosaminidase
ND not determined
N/D no intake data reported
NFCS National Food Consumption Survey
NHEL no-hormonal-effect level
NIDDM non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
NOEL no-observed-effect level
NR not reported
N/R not required for the evaluation
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PDI psychomotor development index
PMTDI provisional maximum tolerable daily intake
PTWI provisional tolerable weekly intake
QA quality assurance
S9 hepatic microsome fraction
SD standard deviation
USDA US Department of Agriculture
WHO World Health Organization
WISC Wechsler intelligence scale for children