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    PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOOD - 1984


    Sponsored jointly by FAO and WHO






    EVALUATIONS 1984




    The monographs



    Data and recommendations of the joint meeting
    of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues
    in Food and the Environment and the
    WHO Expert Group on Pesticide Residues
    Rome, 24 September - 3 October 1984

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Rome 1985

    TRIADIMEFON

    Explanation

         Triadimefon was evaluated by the Joint Meeting on Pesticide
    Residues in 1979, 1981 and 1983. 1/ At the 1981 JMPR, a temporary ADI
    was allocated and consequently the former guidelines, recorded in
    1979, were changed to temporary ADIs. The 1981 and 1983 JMPR allocated
    additional TMRLs for some commodities.

         New residue data have been received on triadimefon and its main
    metabolite, triadimenol, in grapes, must, tree tomato (syn:
    tamarillo), coffee beans, cucumber, melons (cantaloupes), chickpea and
    the cereal grains barley, rye and wheat. Extensive data on cereal
    grains and data on coffee beans originated from countries not included
    in the earlier Evaluations.

         The data mentioned are evaluated and summarized in this
    monograph.

    RESIDUES IN FOOD AND THEIR EVALUATION

    USE PATTERN

         The information on good agricultural practice provided to the
    1983 JMPR, and presented in the 1983 Evaluations, is still valid. No
    changes or extensions of the use pattern were reported.

    RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS

         Additional residue data were available from seven countries.
    Supervised residue trials were performed preharvest on nine crops and
    on a commodity derived from one of these crops (must made from
    grapes).

         Results from these trials are summarized in Tables 1 - 5 (Bayer,
    1984). The results from most trials are presented separately for
    triadimefon and its main metabolite triadimenol, but for some trials
    they are the sum of triadimefon and triadimenol.

    Grapes and Must

         The residues found in supervised trials on wine grapes after
    seven or eight treatments are in conformity with the data presented in
    the 1983 Evaluations; no measurable amounts of triadimefon were found
    35-56 days after the last application, whereas the residues of
    triadimenol did not exceed 0.2 mg/kg.


              

    1/  See Annex 2 for FAO and WHO documentation

        TABLE 1.  Triadimefon Residues on Fruit from Supervised Trials

                                                                                                                                             
                                                     Application
                                                                                                    Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.    Rate                       Interval                                                               
                    Year                (g a.i./ha)     Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I              Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             
    Grapes          Fed. Rep.       7         50        wp 5%            35          <0.02        <0.02        0.06-0.09          0.07
                    Germany                                              42          <0.02        <0.02        0.05-0.06          0.06
    Must            1983                                                 42          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05

    Grapes                          8         45        wp 5%            35          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05
                                                                         55          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05
    Must                                                                 55          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05

    Grapes                          7         45        wp 5%            37          <0.02        <0.02        0.11-0.15          0.13
                                                                         56          <0.02        <0.02        0.18-0.20          0.19
    Must                                                                 56          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05

    Grapes                          7         50        wp 5%            35          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05-0.06          0.05
                                                                         42          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05-0.05         <0.05
    Must                                                                 42          <0.02        <0.05       <0.05              <0.05

    Grapes                          8      30-45        wp 5%            35          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05
                                                                         55          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05
    Must                                                                 55          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05

    Grapes                          7         45        wp 5%            37          <0.02        <0.02        0.13-0.31          0.13
                                                                         56          <0.02        <0.02        0.08-0.09          0.08
    Must                                                                 56          <0.02        <0.02       <0.05              <0.05

                                                                                              I       +       II
                                                                                            Range           Average
    Tree            New             7        140        wp                0                0.04-0.04         0.04
    tomato          Zealand                                               1                0.04-0.04         0.04
                    1983                                                  3                0.01-0.01         0.01
                                                                                                                                             


    TABLE 1.  (continued)

                                                                                                                                             
                                                     Application
                                                                                                    Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.    Rate                       Interval                                                               
                    Year                (g a.i./ha)     Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I              Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    Coffee          El              3        250        EC 250           15          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
    bean            Salvador                            g/l              29          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
    (sun            1982            1        250        EC 250            7          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
    dried)                                              g/l

    Coffee          El                                                   14          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
    bean            Salvador                                             21          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
                    1982                                                 28          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1

                                    1        500        EC 250            7          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
                                                        g/l              14          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
                                                                         21          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1
                                                                         28          <0.05        <0.05       <0.1               <0.1

    Coffee          Brazil          2        250        wp 25%            1          <0.01-0.01   <0.01       <0.01-0.02          0.01
    bean            1982                                                6-8          <0.01        <0.01       <0.01              <0.01
    (sun                                                                 15          <0.01        <0.01       <0.01              <0.01
    dried)                          4        250        wp 25%        14/15          <0.01-0.01    0.01        0.02-0.04          0.03
                                                                      28/29          <0.01-0.02    0.01        0.01-0.03          0.01
                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 2.  Triadimefon Residues in Vegetables from Supervised Trials

                                                                                                                                             
                                                   Application
                                                                                                  Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.     Rate                      Interval                                                               
                    Year                 (g a.i./ha)    Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I             Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    Cucumber        Mexico          3        125        wp 25%            0          <0.01        <0.01       <0.01              <0.01
                    1979                                                  5          <0.01-0.01    0.01       <0.01              <0.01
                                                                         15          <0.01-0.02   <0.02       <0.01              <0.01

                    Mexico          3        125        wp 25%            0           0.04-0.04    0.04        0.05-0.05          0.05
                                                                          5           0.01-0.02    0.02        0.01-0.02          0.02
                                                                         15          <0.01        <0.01       <0.01              <0.01

    Melons          Mexico          3        125        wp 25%                            I        +          II
    (cantaloupe)    1979                                                                Range               Average

    whole fruit                                                           0            0.03-0.13            0.09
                                                                          5            0.05-0.08            0.07
                                                                         15            0.03-0.11            0.06

    pulp                            3        125        wp 25%            0            <0.01-0.02           0.01
                                                                          5            0.01-0.02            0.02
                                                                         15            <0.01-0.03           0.02

    Chickpea        Mexico          2        150        wp 25%            7          <0.01-0.01    0.01       <0.01-0.02          0.01
    dry             1980                                                 14          <0.01-0.01   <0.01       <0.01              <0.01
                                                                         20          <0.01-0.02    0.01       <0.01-0.01          0.01
                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 3.  Triadimefon Residues in Barley from Supervised Trials

                                                                                                                                             
                                                    Application
                                                                                                     Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.     Rate                      Interval                                                               
                    Year                 (g a.i./ha)    Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I               Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    Barley          Fed. Rep.
                    Germany
                    1983            2        250        EC 125
    spring sown                                         g/l
    green forage                                                          0           2.0-3.4      2.5         0.55-0.91          0.74
                                                                         14           0.18-0.20    0.2         1.0-1.0            1.0
    grain                                                                28          <0.04        <0.04       <0.08              <0.08
                                                                         35          <0.04        <0.04       <0.04-<0.08        <0.04
    straw                                                                28           0.11-0.11    0.11        3.4-3.4            3.4
                                                                         35           0.12-0.13    0.13        2.4-2.7            2.7

                                    2        250        EC 125
    green forage                                        g/l               0           3.7-3.8      3.7         0.42-0.51          0.47
                                                                         14           0.20-0.22    0.21                           0.73
    grain                                                                28          <0.04        <0.04       <0.08              <0.08
                                                                         35          <0.04        <0.04       <0.08              <0.08
    straw                                                                28           0.10-0.11    0.10        2.0-2.0            2.0
                                                                         35           0.13-0.14    0.13        2.3-2.4            2.3

    Barley          1982/83 1       1        125        wp 6.25%
    autumn sown
    green forage                                                          0                        2.6                            0.12
                                                                         28                       <0.05                           0.14
    grain                                                                35                       <0.05                          <0.1
                                                                         42                       <0.05                          <0.1
    straw                                                                35                       <0.05                           0.3
                                                                         42                       <0.05                           0.2

                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 3.  (continued)

                                                                                                                                             
                                                    Application
                                                                                                     Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.     Rate                      Interval                                                               
                    Year                 (g a.i./ha)    Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I               Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    green forage                    2        125        wp 6.25%          0                        3.3                           <0.1
                                                                         28                       <0.05                          <0.1
    grain                                                                49                       <0.05                          <0.1
    straw                                                                49                       <0.05                          <0.1

    Barley          1983            2    125-250        EC 125
    spring sown                                         g/l
    green forage                                                          0           3.8-4.3      4.0         1.0-1.4            1.3
                                                                         14           0.08-0.1     0.09        1.1-1.1            1.1
                                                                         28           0.5-0.5      0.05        0.5-0.6            0.55
    grain                                                                35          <0.04        <0.04       <0.08              <0.08
                                                                         42          <0.04        <0.04       <0.08              <0.08
    straw                                                                35          <0.04        <0.04        2.7-3.0            2.9
                                                                         42          <0.04        <0.04        2.2-2.5            2.4

                        Canada, 1981                                                                   I       +       II
                                                                                                            average

    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 1.4
                                                                          6                                 2.1
                                                                         18                                 0.2
    threshed                        2                                    21                                 0.15
    grain
    straw                           2                                    21                                 1.4

    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 3.9
                                                                          7                                 1.5
                                                                         14                                 6.7
                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 3.  (continued)

                                                                                                                                             
                                                    Application
                                                                                                     Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.     Rate                      Interval                                                               
                    Year                 (g a.i./ha)    Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I               Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                          I   +   II
                                                                                                            average

    threshed                        2                                    21                                 0.7
    grain
    straw                           2                                    21                                 1.3

    Barley              United States, 1981
    spring sown
    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 4.0
                                                                          7                                 1.6
                                    2      280                            0                                 5.8
    threshed                        2                                    24                                 0.3
    grain

    straw                           2                                    24                                 2.0

    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 3.7
                                                                          7                                 0.5
                                                                         14                                 0.3
    threshed grain                  2      280                           21                                 0.6
    straw                           2                                    21                                 1.3

                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 3.  (continued)

                                                                                                                                             
                                                    Application
                                                                                                     Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop            Country/        No.     Rate                      Interval                                                               
                    Year                 (g a.i./ha)    Formulation   after last        Triadimefon I               Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

                    United States, 1982
                                                                                                          I   +   II
                                                                                                            average
    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 9.3
                                                                          7                                 3.6
    threshed grain                  1                                    28                                 0.1
    straw                           1                                    28                                 1.4

    Barley              1980/81
    autumn sown
    green forage                    1      280          wp 50%            0                                 0.7, 1.1
                                                                          7                                 0.8, 0.3
                                                                         14                                 0.2, 0.2
    threshed grain                  2                                    25                                 0.2, 0.3
    straw                           2                                    25                                 1.3, 1.5

    green forage                           280          wp 50%            0                                 1.9, 2.9
                                                                          7                                 0.2, 0.9
                                                                         14                                 0.3, 0.3
    threshed                                                             21                                 0.2, 0.5
    grain
    straw                                                                21                                 0.5, 3.7
                                                                                                                                             

    1  Two other trials carried out 1982/83 in the Federal Republic of Germany gave similar results.

    TABLE 4.  Triadimefon Residues in Rye from Supervised Trials

                                                                                                                                             
                                                    Application
                                                                                                     Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop                Country/    No.    Rate                       Interval                                                               
                        Year               (g a.i./ha)  Formulation   after last         Triadimefon I              Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    Rye                 Fed. Rep.   2      125-250      EC 129
                        Germany
                        1983
    green forage                                        g/l               0          5.6-6.0       5.7         0.24-0.24          0.24
                                                                         14          0.26-0.26     0.26        0.52-0.56          0.54
                                                                         21          0.16-0.19     0.18        0.59-0.66          0.62
    grain                                                                35                       <0.04                          <0.08
                                                                         42                       <0.04                          <0.08
    straw                                                                35          0.29-0.32     0.30        1.5-1.7            1.6
                                                                         42          0.12-0.17     0.16        0.9-1.2            1.0

                                    2      125          EC 125
    green forage                                        g/l               0          9.7-9.7       9.7         0.23-0.23          0.23
                                                                         14          0.66-0.74     0.7         0.86-0.97          0.92
                                                                         28          0.36-0.38     0.37        1.2-1.2            1.2
    grain                                                                35                       <0.04        0.11-0.11          0.11
    straw                                                                35          0.67-0.74     0.71        2.0-2.1            2.0

                                    2      250          EC 125
    green forage                                        g/l               0          9.2-9.9       9.5         1.2-1.3            1.2
                                                                         14          0.09-0.16     0.12        0.39-0.67          0.5
                                                                         28          0.13-0.13     0.13        0.66-0.84          0.8
    grain                                                                35          -            <0.04        -                 <0.08
                                                                         42          -            <0.04        -                  0.08
    straw                                                                35          0.13-0.15     0.14        0.73-0.82          0.77
                                                                         42          0.11-0.13     0.12        0.50-0.59          0.54
                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 5.  Triadimefon Residues in Wheat from Supervised Trials

                                                                                                                                             
                                                     Application
                                                                                                    Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop                Country/    No.       Rate                    Interval                                                               
                        Year              (g a.i./ha)   Formulation   after last         Triadimefon I              Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

    Wheat               Fed. Rep. Germany, 1983 1
    spring sown
    green forage                    2      125          wp 6.25%          0                        5.7                            0.22
                                                                         21                        0.06                           0.47
    grain                                                                42                       <0.05                          <0.1
    straw                                                                42                       <0.05                           1.0

    green forage                    2                   wp 6.25%          0          2.2-2.9       2.5        <0.1-0.05           0.05
                                                                         21          0.05-0.05     0.05        0.16-0.22          0.2
    grain                                                                35         <0.05-<0.05   <0.05       <0.1-<0,1          <0.1
                                                                         42         <0.05-<0.05   <0.05       <0.1-0.1           <0.1
    straw                                                                35         <0.05-<0.05   <0.05       <0.1-0.2            0.1
                                                                         42         <0.05-<0.05   <0.05        0.32-0.23          0.3
                                                                                                                                             

    TABLE 5.  (continued)

                                                                                                                                             
                                                     Application
                                                                                                    Residues (mg/kg)
    Crop                Country/    No.       Rate                    Interval                                                               
                        Year              (g a.i./ha)   Formulation   after last         Triadimefon I              Triadimenol II
                                                                      application    Range        Average      Range             Average
                                                                      (days)
                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                         I     +       II
                                                                                                       Range           average
    Wheat               Canada, 1981
    green forage                    2      280          wp 50%         0                                               3.1
                                                                       9                                               0.42
                                                                      21                                               0.93
    threshed grain                  3                                 20                                               0.03
    straw                           3                                 20                                               0.8

    green forage                    1      280                         0                                               11.5
                                                                       7                                               2.9
                                                                      14                                               0.6
    threshed grain                  2                                 21                                               0.12
    straw                           2                                 21                                               3.5

                        United States 2
    green forage                           280                         0                               2.3-6.1
                                                                       7                               0.6-0.7         0.7
                                                                      14                               0.3-0.8
    grain                                                             21                               0.01-0.05       0.05
    straw                                                             21                               0.03-2.0
                                                                                                                                             

    1  Another 16 supervised trials carried out in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1982 and 1983 gave similar results (13 on spring sown
       wheat and 3 on autumn sown wheat).
    2  Another seven supervised trials carried out in 1980 and 1982 in the United States gave similar results.
    

         Must made from grapes harvested 42 to 56 days after the last
    application showed no residues of triadimefon (limit of determination
    0.02 mg/kg) or triadimenol (limit of determination 0.05 mg/kg).

         The results of the new series of supervised trials give no cause
    to amend the TMRL allocated by the 1981 JMPR on the basis of the
    guideline levels recorded by the 1979 JMPR.

    Tree Tomato (syn: Tamarillo)

         Tree tomatoes in New Zealand sprayed seven times showed total
    residues of triadimefon and triadimenol of 0.04 mg/kg at day zero and
    of 0.01 mg/kg three days after the last of seven applications (limit
    of determination of the method of analysis 0.01 mg/kg).

         The small number of available data (one country, one supervised
    trial) does not enable allocation a TMRL for this commodity.

    Coffee beans

         Data from supervised trials from Brazil and El Salvador were
    provided. These data are in conformity with those presented in the
    1983 Evaluations and the levels recorded in the 1979 JMPR as guideline
    levels.

    Cucumbers

         The highest residue found in supervised trials on cucumbers in
    Mexico, treated three times with triadimefon, was of the order of
    0.1 mg/kg of the sum of triadimefon and triadimenol at day zero after
    the last application and about 0.04 mg/kg five days after the last
    application. These data confirm the TMRL for this commodity allocated
    by the 1983 JMPR, on the basis of the 1979 guideline levels.

    Melons (Cantaloupes)

         The residues found in supervised residue trials on melons in
    Mexico in 1979 are of the same order of magnitude as the residues on
    melons evaluated at the 1979 JMPR. The highest residue at day zero
    after the last of three applications was 0.13 mg/kg, as sum of
    triadimefon and triadimenol.

    Chickpea

         Residues on dry chickpea in a supervised trial in Mexico,
    harvested 7 and 14 days after the last application, were at or about
    the limit of determination of triadimefon and triadimenol.

    Cereal Grains

         Data on a large number of supervised trials carried out in
    Europe, Canada and the United States on barley, wheat and rye were
    provided (on rye only from Europe). In all supervised trials, the
    crops were sprayed once or twice with various formulations at dosages
    of 125 to 280 g a.i./ha.

         Grains of barley, wheat and rye from the supervised trials
    carried out in Europe did not contain measurable residues of
    triadimefon or triadimenol. In the supervised trials carried out in
    Canada, threshed grain of barley contained up to 0.7 mg/kg total
    residue of triadimefon and triadimenol and threshed grain of wheat
    0.03 to 0.12 mg/kg of the sum of triadimefon and triadimenol, 21 days
    after the last application.

         Straw of barley, harvested 35 to 42 days after the last of one or
    two applications, contained <0.1-3.0 mg/kg total residue of
    triadimefon and triadimenol. Rye straw harvested after the same
    preharvest intervals contained 1.9 to 2.7 mg/kg total residue of
    triadimefon and triadimenol, with a maximum residue of triadimefon of
    0.71 mg/kg.

         Wheat straw, harvested 35 to 42 days after the last of one or two
    applications contained <0.1 to 3.5 mg/kg total residue, as the sum of
    triadimefon and triadimenol.

         The originally allocated levels for cereal straws of 2 mg/kg (sum
    of triadimefon and triadimenol) were exceeded in several supervised
    trials.

    RESIDUES IN FOOD IN COMMERCE OR AT CONSUMPTION

         The following residue levels of triadimefon and triadimenol in
    food samples were reported from routine food surveys carried out by
    the Swedish National Food Administration during the period January
    1983 - January 1984 (Sweden, 1984).

        TABLE 6.  Triadimefon and Triadimenol Residues in Food Samples, Sweden

                                                                                               

    Commodity      Origin       No. of samples            No. of samples with residues
                                analysed                   within given ranges (mg/kg)
                                                                                               
                                                     <0.11        0.11-0.28      0.29-0.55
    Apples         Sweden       385                  385
                   Import       915                  914          1
    Oranges        Import       707                  705          2
    Pineapple      Import       29                   27           1              1
                                                                                               
    
    The levels found in apples and pineapple were all within the TMRLs
    allocated by the JMPR.

    NATIONAL MAXIMUM RESIDUE LIMITS

         The following national MRLs which have not been reported in
    earlier Evaluations or have since been amended, were brought to notice
    of the 1984 JMPR.

        TABLE 7.  National MRLs Reported to the Meeting

                                                                                                

    Country         Crop/Commodity                         MRL (mg/kg)                 PHI
                                         Triadimefon
                                         +
                                         Triadimenol     Triadimefon    Triadimenol    (days)
                                                                                                

    Belgium         Pome fruit              0.05
    (Feb. 1982)     Cucumbers and
                    gherkins                0.05                                         3
                    Cereal grains           0.05

    Fed. Rep.       Hops                   15
    Germany         Grapes                  3
    (June 1982)     Pome fruit              0.5
                    Cucumbers               0.5
                    Cereal grains           0.5
                    Strawberries            0.2
                    Other commodities
                    of plant origin         0.1

    Luxembourg      Grapes                  3
    (May 1983)      Pome fruit              0.1
                    Cucumbers and
                    gherkins                0.05
                    Cereal grains           0.05

    Netherlands     Apple                                0.1*           - 1             14
    (March 1984)    Cereal grains                        0.05*          0.1*            42
                    Milk                                 0.05*          - 1
                    Meat                                 0.05*          - 1
                    Other food commodities               0*(0.05)       0*(0.1)
                                                                                                

    *  at or about limit of determination
    1  included in the entry Other Food Commodities, Triadimenol 0* (0.1)
    Note: Date MRL came into force shown in brackets.
    

    APPRAISAL

         Residue data from supervised trials on grapes (including must),
    coffee, cucumbers and melons, supplementing data received by the JMPR
    in 1979, 1981 and 1983, supported the TMRLs recommended in 1981 and
    1983.

         Limited new residue data on tree tomato (tamarillo) and chickpea
    were insufficient to estimate maximum residue levels for these
    commodities.

         At the 15th session of the CCPR it was suggested that higher
    residue limits were required for cereal grains, especially barley, and
    for straw of barley and wheat. For the latter commodities the 1981
    JMPR recommended a TMRL of 2 mg/kg, a limit recorded as a GL by the
    1979 JMPR.

         The 1983 JMPR received extensive new data from supervised trials
    on cereals from two countries in Europe, including residue data on
    cereal grains and straw. These data did not indicate a need to raise
    the limits for barley, oats or rye grains, nor to set higher limits
    for straw. Some of the data, however, supported a higher limit for
    wheat grain and the recommended TMRL for wheat grain was raised from
    0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg by the 1983 JMPR.

         Extensive new residue data were provided to the 1984 JMPR from
    supervised trials carried out according to current good agricultural
    practice on barley, rye and wheat. The data included residues in
    barley and wheat grain from other regions of the world, in addition to
    those available for the earlier evaluations.

         The residue data on cereal grains from European countries,
    especially the Federal Republic of Germany, again showed no need to
    increase the TMRLs recommended for barley and wheat grain in 1981 and
    1983 respectively.

         Results from supervised residue trials from Canada and the United
    States, carried out according to good agricultural practice,
    illustrate that in several cases the TMRLs originally recommended were
    too low to accommodate good agricultural practice in these important
    grain-growing regions.

         The residue data on rye provided to the JMPR in 1983 and 1984
    show that residues on rye grain are of the same order as those on
    wheat grain. A similar TMRL is appropriate.

         Residue data on the straw of barley and wheat, both from Europe
    and North America, show that in several trials straw from crops
    harvested 35 to 42 days after the last application contained residues
    above the existing TMRL and an increase is necessary to accommodate
    current good agricultural practice. The limited residue data on rye
    straw show the same tendency.

    RECOMMENDATIONS

         The meeting examined residue data from supervised trials on a
    number of crops, from which it was able to confirm some existing
    residue limits and estimate new maximum residue levels, which are
    recommended as TMRLs. Residues up to these limits may occur when
    triadimefon is used according to good agricultural practice and the
    reported preharvest intervals are observed.

         The limits refer to the sum of triadimefon and its major
    metabolite triadimenol.

                                                                   

    Commodity                TMRL      PHI on which recommendations
                             (mg/kg)   are based (days)
                                                                   

    grains of barley,
    oats, rye and wheat      0.5 1/    35-42

    straw of barley,
    oats, rye and wheat      5         35-42

                                                                   

    1/   increased for barley, oats from 0.1, for wheat from 0.2. The
         figure for rye is based on its similarity to other grains.

    FURTHER WORK OR INFORMATION

    Desirable

         Information on the fate of residues of triadimefon and
    triadimenol during milling and baking processes.

    REFERENCES

    Bayer     Reports Nos. 546, 552, B9000-B9005, B9063-B9067, Bay 9009,
    1984      Bay 9010, Bay 9012, Bay 9032-Bay 9034, Bay 9094-Bay 9096,
              M68060/61, M68062/63, M68712/13, M68714/15, M80541, M80542,
              M80548, M80549, M80554, M80556-M80561, M80930/31, M82534/53,
              M82538/54, M82827. Submitted by Bayer AG to FAO.
              (Unpublished)

    Sweden    Residues of triadimefon and triadimenol in food samples.
              Report of a 1984 survey from the Swedish National Food
              Administration.


    See Also:
       Toxicological Abbreviations
       Triadimefon (Pesticide residues in food: 1979 evaluations)
       Triadimefon (Pesticide residues in food: 1981 evaluations)
       Triadimefon (Pesticide residues in food: 1983 evaluations)
       Triadimefon (Pesticide residues in food: 1985 evaluations Part II Toxicology)