International Chemical Safety Cards Compilers Guide

10001000

UNEP/ILO/WHO                    IPCS

10002000

CARD MATRIX, October 2005, Version 1.25.03.

Phrases with @ sign are no more selected into the ICSCs

10010000

Authors:  []

Expl. Name of Participating Institute with primary responsibility for completion of this ICSC.

Ind. If an update, also indicate the Participating Institute of previous versions. Add also to the section 'History'.

10030000

Second Reviewer:

Expl. Name of Participating Institute that reviewed draft ICSC.

Ind. If an update, also indicate the Participating Institute of previous versions. Add also to the section 'History'.

10040000

Date of Review by Scientific Editor:

Expl. Date of review by the Scientific Editor in the ICSC project.

Ind. Date to be added by the Scientific Editor to the section 'History'.

10050000

Date of Peer-Review:

Ind. Add also to the section 'History'.

11000000

CHEMICAL NAME

Expl. For the MAIN NAME (use CAPITAL letters) priority is given to the name used by the manufacturing industry. If no common name is used, then the IUPAC name (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) comes first. This is the official chemical name according to the rules of the IUPAC. In addition to the main name and the IUPAC name, other important synonyms are given. The MAIN NAME is completed with an indication of the trade form of the substance to which the Card applies. Main names and synonyms are indexed.

11101000

[name]

Expl. For the MAIN NAME (use CAPITAL letters) priority is given to the name used by the manufacturing industry. If no common name is used, then the IUPAC name (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) comes first. This is the official chemical name according to the rules of the IUPAC. In addition to the main name and the IUPAC name, other important synonyms are given. The MAIN NAME is completed with an indication of the trade form of the substance to which the Card applies. Main names and synonyms are indexed.

Ind. Use roman digits between parentheses in this name to state the valency if necessary, e.g., IRON(III) OXIDE. The following prefixes are considered to form part of the name: bis, cyclo, iso and the numerals mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, etc. In the MAIN NAME they should be written in CAPITALS. The following prefixes should be considered as additions and should NOT be printed in CAPITALS in the MAIN NAME: ortho- (o-), meta- (m-), para- (p-), alpha- (alpha-), beta- (beta-), gamma- (gamma-), etc.; primary (prim-), secondary (sec-), tertiary (tert-); cis-, trans-; dextro- (d-), laevo- (l-); normal (n-), N- (link to the nitrogen atom).

11102000

[syn1]

Ind. IUPAC name if different from 11101. Trivial names may be used without the stating the valency, e.g., copper sulfate for CuSO₄.5H2O

11103000

[syn2]

Expl. In addition to the MAIN NAME, and the IUPAC name, EINECS (European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances) name is given here. Main names and synonyms are indexed.

Ind. Trivial names may be used without stating the valency, e.g., copper sulfate for CuSO₄.5H₂O.

11104000

[syn3]

Expl. In addition to the MAIN NAME, other important synonyms are given here and 11105. Main names and synonyms are indexed.

Ind. Trivial names may be used without stating the valency, e.g., copper sulfate for CuSO₄.5H₂O.

11105000

[syn4]

Expl. In addition to the MAIN NAME, other important synonyms are given here and 11105. Main names and synonyms are indexed.

Ind. Trivial names may be used without stating the valency, e.g., copper sulfate for CuSO₄.5H₂O.

11301000

(cylinder)

Ind. Applies if the substance is held in a cylinder suitable to keep gases or liquefied gases above atmospheric pressure.

(13603)    (13103/05/07)    (22101/03)    22301    (22309)    (22313)

11303000

(liquefied)

Ind. Applies if the substance is a liquefied gas stored under atmospheric pressure, e.g., in a Dewar vessel. Cryogenics will have this description. This phrase does not apply to gases which are (partly) liquefied as a result of being kept under pressure in a cylinder; use 11301 instead.

(13603)  13109  19205

11305000

(liquefied, cooled)

Ind. Applies if the substance is an unstable gas (partly) liquefied under pressure and stored under continuous cooling to avoid decomposition. (Applies only to a few gases).

(13603)    22303

11307000

(powder)

Ind. Should normally be used only for metal powders.

11501000

[formula]

Ind. Complete with the formula of the substance. For an organic substance use a linear formula, showing the structure of the substance as far as this can be informative to a person with basic chemical knowledge. In other cases, the elemental formula should be used.

11503000

Atomic mass: []

Expl. The relative atomic mass is stated here. The relative atomic mass of a substance is the mass of 1 atom of that substance divided by 1/12 of the mass of 1 atom of carbon.

Ind. Round off to the nearest 0.1.

11505000

Molecular mass: []

Expl. The relative molecular mass is stated here. The relative molecular mass of a substance is the sum of the relative atomic masses of the elements which together form a molecule of that substance.

Ind. Round off to the nearest 0.1.

11505010

variable

11701000

CAS #      [#####-##-#]

Expl. Unique Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers are used for identification as substances often have a number of synonyms.

11703000

RTECS #    [AA#######]

Expl. The number of the substance as given in the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances published by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)  in USA. Important for looking up toxicological data of the substance, many of the synonyms can also be found in this Registry.

11901000

ICSC #     [####]

Expl. The number of the International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) is recorded.

11911000

UN #       [####]

Expl. The United Nations has numbered a great many substances to facilitate identification, especially during transport. The UN Hazard Class, the UN Subsidiary Risks, and the UN Pack Group are entered in the field reserved for them in the section Identification. The use of UN number for classes or groups of chemicals (n.o.s: not otherwise specified) must be discussed by the Peer Review group.

11921000

EC #       [###-###-##-#]

Expl. The EU has assessed a large number of substances as to their classification, packaging and labelling. This is the index number for the chemical as specified in the regulations.

Ind. Complete with the Index number of European Community. Apply according to the official interpretation of the EC criteria as described in 'Legislation on Dangerous Substances, Classification and Labelling in the European Communities', DIRECTIVE 67/548/EEC and as amended in Adaptation to Technical Progress, published by the Office for Official Publications EC, Luxembourg.

11923000

EINECS #  [###-###-#]

Expl. An inventory of chemical substances in commercial supply in the European Community between 1 January 1971 and 18 September 1981 has been prepared and since maintained. This is the reference number for the chemical in the inventory.

Ind. Complete with the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances number.

12000000

¦    PHYSICAL     ¦   PROPERTIES    ¦

12101000

Boiling point:                       []°C

Expl. Indicates the boiling point or range of the anhydrous substance at normal atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

Ind. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius, use one decimal. If a different pressure is stated, use 12102.

12102000

Boiling point at []kPa:           []°C

Expl. Indicates the boiling point or range of the anhydrous substance at an atmospheric pressure different from the normal (101.3 kPa), which is preferred.

Ind. Applies if there is a special reason to mention the boiling point at a pressure other than normal atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa). Round off to the nearest degree Celsius, use one decimal.

12104000

Sublimation point:                 []°C

Expl. A substance sublimes if on heating it passes directly from the solid to the vapour phase without melting.

Ind. If the pressure at the triple point is >101.3 kPa. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius.

12105000

Sublimation []

12107000

Decomposes below boiling point at []°C

Ind. If decomposition temperature is unknown, complete with 'see Notes'. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius.

12108000

Decomposes below boiling point []

Ind. (24111)

12110000

Boiling point (decomposes):    []°C

Expl. If the substance decomposes during boiling at normal atmospheric pressure.

Ind. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius.

121130000

Melting point:                       []°C

Expl. Indicates the melting point (or range) of the substance at normal atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa). If there is a significant difference between the melting point and the freezing point, the range is given. In case of hydrated substances (i.e., those with crystal water), the apparent melting point is given; this is then mentioned in NOTES (e.g., 24101).

Ind. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius, use one decimal.

(24113/24115)

12117000

Decomposes below melting point at []°C

Ind. If decomposition temperature is unknown, complete with 'see Notes'; combine with 24111. Round off to nearest degree Celsius, use one decimal.

12118000

Decomposes below melting point:    []

12120000

Melting point (decomposes):     []°C

Expl. If the substance decomposes during melting at normal atmospheric pressure.

Ind. Round off to nearest degree Celsius.

12129000

Critical Temperature (NOT on card): []°C

Ind. Use only in case of gases or liquids with a boiling point < 30°C. Round off to nearest degree Celsius.

12301000

Relative density (water = 1):    []

Expl. Indicates whether the substance floats or sinks on water. For gases condensed to the liquid phase the density of the liquid phase is given. The density mentioned (specific gravity) applies to normal ambient temperatures; other values, if relevant, are given in NOTES. Compressed gases (so-called permanent gases) do not have a liquid phase, so no value is mentioned. In case of a gas liquefied by cooling, the density of the liquid at atmospheric pressure is given in NOTES.

Ind. Round off the value to the nearest 0.1; for values between 0.8 and 1.1, to the nearest 0.01. If possible, use values applying to temperatures between 15 and 25°C. Gases in cylinders:

- if the critical temperature >= 15°C: mention the relative density to water of the liquid phase at 15 to 25°C.

- if the critical temperature lies between -10 and 15°C: complete with 'see Notes' and mention in NOTES the density in kg/l at the critical temperature and mention this temperature (use a free phrase).

- if the critical temperature < -10°C: skip phrase.

Gases in a Dewar vessel (liquefied by cooling):

- complete with 'see Notes'. Mention in NOTES (i.e., 24119) the density in kg/l at the atmospheric boiling point.

(24119)

12302000

Density:                              []

Expl. Relative density (12301) is typical for liquids. In source documents is often recorded the actual density in g/cm³. Density is used for many liquids and for most solids.

Ind. Use this phrase in preference to 12301 if data are available. Round off the value to the nearest 0.1; for values between 0.8 and 1.1, to the nearest 0.01. If possible, use values applying to temperatures between 15 and 25°C.

12302010

g/cm³

12302020

g/l

12302030

kg/m³

12304000

Solubility in water, g/100 ml at []°C: []

Expl. The solubility is given preferably in g/100 ml water at 20°C. If the solubility is not accurately known this is indicated as follows:

'very poor'

(< 1 g/l)

'poor'

(1 - 10 g/l)

'moderate'

(10 - 100 g/l)

'good'

(100 - 1000 g/l)

'very good'

(> 1000 g/l)

If the substance reacts spontaneously with water this is indicated by the term 'reaction'. A liquid which forms one liquid phase, when mixed with water in any proportion, is indicated with 'miscible'. For gases, the solubility under a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa) is given.

12307000

Solubility in water, g/100 ml:     []

Expl. The solubility is given preferably in g/100 ml water at 20°C (see 12304). If the solubility is not accurately known this is indicated as follows:

'very poor'

(< 1 g/l)

'poor'

(1 - 10 g/l)

'moderate'

(10 - 100 g/l)

'good'

(100 - 1000 g/l)

'very good'

(> 1000 g/l)

If the substance reacts spontaneously with water this is indicated by the term 'reaction'.  A liquid which forms one liquid phase, when mixed with water in any proportion, is indicated with 'miscible'. For gases, the solubility under a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa) is given.

Ind. Use this phrase if a value without a temperature is known.

12310000

Solubility in water:                  []

Expl. The solubility is given preferably in g/100 ml water at 20°C (see 12304). If the solubility is not accurately known this is indicated as follows:

'very poor'

(< 1 g/l)

'poor'

(1 - 10 g/l)

'moderate'

(10 - 100 g/l)

'good'

(100 - 1000 g/l)

'very good'

(> 1000 g/l)

If the substance reacts spontaneously with water this is indicated by the term 'reaction'.  A liquid which forms one liquid phase, when mixed with water in any proportion, is indicated with 'miscible'. For gases, the solubility under a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa) is given.

Ind. If the solubility is not accurately known complete this phrase with an adjective (poor, moderate, good,...). If possible, add to the adjective the applicable range between parentheses, using the following scale:

'very poor'

(< 1 g/l)

'poor'

(1 - 10 g/l)

'moderate'

(10 - 100 g/l)

'good'

(100 - 1000 g/l)

'very good'

(> 1000 g/l)

This phrase can also be completed with 'reaction', but this is not to be used if the reaction with water has an (estimated) half-life >1 hour. In those cases the solubility is given in g/l while further indications are given with 13383/89.

(13383)    (13389)    (13383120)    (13389290)

12313000

Solubility in water, ml/100 ml at []°C: []

Expl. The solubility is given preferably in g/100 ml water at 20°C (see 12304). If the solubility is not accurately known this is indicated as follows:

If the substance reacts spontaneously with water this is indicated by the term 'reaction'. A liquid which, when mixed with water in any proportion, forms one liquid phase is indicated with 'miscible'. For gases, the solubility under a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kPa) is given.

Ind. Use this phrase for gases.

12501000

Vapour pressure, kPa at []°C:      []

Expl. The vapour pressure of gases in cylinders liquefied under pressure is given in kPa mentioning the corresponding temperature. (Note: 100 kPa = 1 bar). The saturated vapour pressure of solids and liquids is given in Pa or in kPa, preferably at a temperature of 20°C. (Note: 1 kPa = 1000 Pa = 10 mbar). If a calculated value is given this is indicated with 'ab.' (i.e., about). The vapour pressures at 20°C of substances boiling at temperatures >= 350°C are negligible and should NOT be mentioned.

Ind. Skip for gases with a critical temperature <-10°C and for substances with a boiling point >=350°C and an OEL >= 0.1 ppm. (For the OEL, see 13400). Use this phrase for a vapour pressure >= 0.1 kPa. Rounding off:

>= 100 kPa

to the nearest unit

1-100 kPa

to 1 significant digit after the decimal point

>= 0.1-1 kPa

to 2 significant digits after the decimal point

1-100 Pa

to the nearest unit

< 1 Pa

to the nearest significant digit after the decimal point.

If no value can be found, a calculated value is used; see Appendix 1.

Rounding off calculated values:

>= 5 kPa

to the nearest unit

2-5 kPa

to the nearest 0.5 kPa

0.1-2 kPa

to the nearest 0.01 kPa

10-100 Pa

to the nearest 10 Pa

< 10 Pa

state as < 10 Pa

12504000

Vapour pressure, Pa at []°C:       []

Expl. The vapour pressure of gases in cylinders liquefied under pressure is given in kPa mentioning the corresponding temperature. (Note: 100 kPa = 1 bar). The saturated vapour pressure of solids and liquids is given in Pa or in kPa, preferably at a temperature of 20°C. (Note: 1 kPa = 1000 Pa = 10 mbar). If a calculated value is given this is indicated with 'ab.' (i.e., about). The vapour pressures at 20°C of substances boiling at temperatures >=350°C are negligible and should NOT be mentioned.

Ind. Use 12501 for a vapour pressure >= 0.1 kPa.

Rounding off:

>= 100 kPa

to the nearest unit

1-100 kPa

to 1 significant digit after the decimal point

>= 0.1-1 kPa

to 2 significant digits after the decimal point

1-100 Pa

to the nearest unit

< 1 Pa

to the nearest significant digit after the decimal point

IF no value can be found, a calculated value is used; see Appendix 1.

Rounding off calculated values:

>= 5 kPa

to the nearest unit

2-5 kPa

to the nearest 0.5 kPa

0.1-2 kPa

to the nearest 0.01 kPa

10-100 Pa

to the nearest 10 Pa

< 10 Pa

state as < 10 Pa

12504010

negligible

12507000

Relative vapour density (air = 1): []

Expl. This value indicates how many times a gas (or vapour) is heavier than air at the same temperature. For vapours from liquids and solids this value applies only for the vapour from the boiling liquid, therefore not for normal ambient temperatures.

Ind. Skip if the boiling point >=350°C. Round to 0.01 for values between 0.9 and 1.1; round other values to 0.1.

Calculation (see Appendix 2):

12510000

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): []

Expl. A mixture consisting of vapour and air is present above liquids (and solids) that are in contact with the open air. The density of this mixture relative to the surrounding pure air at 20°C, is important to the behaviour of this mixture. At values >= 1.1 the mixture may travel along the ground and may accumulate in depressions. At values between 0.9 and 1.1 fast mixing with the surrounding air may be expected.

Ind. Skip if the substance is a gas or has a boiling point >=350°C. Round to 0.01 for values between 0.9 and 1.1; round other values to 0.1.

Calculation (see Appendix 2):

D_m = 1 + (34 x P₂₀ x 0.000001 x [M-29])

12701000

Flash point:                       []°C

Expl. A common definition of the flash point is: 'the lowest temperature at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at which a liquid gives off so much combustible vapour at the liquid surface that this vapour, when mixed intimately with air, can be ignited by a flame or spark.'  Flash points are also important characteristics of volatile solids such as benzoic acid and camphor. Although this definition of the concept flash point is unambiguous, its determination in actual practice meets with so many difficulties that it has been found necessary to specify the measurement procedures used for obtaining flash point values. Also, different authors may give different values as a result of impurities. When the exact value of the flash point is important in practice, it is best determined on the technical product at hand. The literature values have not always been determined according to one of the 'authorized' methods; the flash points quoted may differ from the values obtained by statutory methods. For safety reasons, the lowest value mentioned in authoritative references has been chosen. The addition 'o.c.' (open cup) or 'c.c.' (closed cup) indicates the determination method.

Ind. Preference should be given to closed cup values, if available, otherwise open cup values can be used. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius and add 'c.c.' or 'o.c.'. State 'none' if the flash point cannot be determined although explosion limits are given. State 'see Notes' if no flash point in literature can be found although the substance is combustible; combine with 24213. Skip if the substance is not combustible. See 12704 for flammable gases.

(14101/03/05/07)    (24213)

12704000

Flash point:            Flammable Gas

Ind. Apply if a gas (see 13101) with flash point <0°C.

14101/03/05/07

12705000

Flash point:                       []

Expl. A common definition of the flash point is: 'the lowest temperature at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) at which a liquid gives off so much combustible vapour at the liquid surface that this vapour, when mixed intimately with air, can be ignited by a flame or spark.'  Flash points are also important characteristics of volatile solids such as benzoic acid and camphor. Although this definition of the concept flash point is unambiguous, its determination in actual practice meets with so many difficulties that it has been found necessary to specify the measurement procedures used for obtaining flash point values. Also, different authors may give different values as a result of impurities. When the exact value of the flash point is important in practice, it is best determined on the technical product at hand. The literature values have not always been determined according to one of the 'authorized' methods; the flash points quoted may differ from the values obtained by statutory methods. For safety reasons, the lowest value mentioned in authoritative references has been chosen. The addition 'o.c.' (open cup) or 'c.c.' (closed cup) indicates the determination method.

Ind. Preference should be given to closed cup values, if available, otherwise open cup values can be used. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius and add 'c.c.' or 'o.c.'. State 'none' if the flash point cannot be determined although explosion limits are given. State 'see Notes' if no flash point in literature can be found although the substance is combustible; combine with 24213. Skip if the substance is not combustible. See 12704 for flammable gases.

(14101/03/05/07)    (24213)

12707000

Auto-ignition temperature:         []°C

Expl. A common definition of the auto-ignition temperature is: 'the lowest temperature at which a substance ignites spontaneously in contact with air and at which the combustion continues without there being a source of ignition (flame or spark).' The auto-ignition temperature depends not only on the properties of the substance but also on the dimensions, shape, nature of the contact material, and many other factors. In cases where the literature gives different values the lowest has been chosen. The auto-ignition temperature is important for the selection of electrical apparatus used in areas where explosive vapour/air mixtures may be present.

Ind. Round off to the nearest degree Celsius.

12710000

Explosive limits, vol% in air:     []

Expl. The explosive limits are the range in which a mixture of a vapour, gas, mist, or powder with air can catch fire or explode when ignited. The explosive limits of gases and vapours in air are given in percentage by volume. Vapour pressure, flash point, and lower explosive limit are interrelated. The explosive limits of powders depend on the size of the particles. Usually the explosive limits of powders range from about 0.04 to several kg/cubic meter.

Ind. The upper and lower explosive limits should be given, rounded off to 0.1%, separated by a 'hyphen'. Use '?' if the upper value is unknown.

If the substance is combustible but explosive limits are not known and the (estimated) flash point <=61°C: add 'see Notes' and also use 24215.

If the (estimated) flash point >61°C or the flash point cannot be estimated: do not use this phrase. If the substance is a powder, forming explosive mixtures with known limit values, these could be mentioned in Notes.

12713000

Minimum ignition energy (NOT on card): []mJ

Ind. A list of minimum ignition energy values taken from the literature is given in Appendix 3. This value has to be used in determining the possible selection of 15213.

(15213)

12716000

Electrical conductivity (NOT on card): []pS/m

Apply to liquids (including liquid compressed gases). The electrical conductivity of a liquid is used for possible selection of 13221, 15207 and 15209. Electrical conductivity values found in the literature may be given in other units:

- S/m:  multiply by 1,000,000,000,000 to get pS/m

- Mho/cm:  multiply by 100,000,000,000,000

(Note: Mho = reciprocal Ohm).

As electrical conductivity is not highly dependant on temperature, values determined between 15 and 25°C can be used.

(13221) (15207) (15209)

12801000

Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: []

Expl. The octanol/water partition coefficient of a substance is useful as a means to predict soil adsorption, biological uptake, lipophilic storage, and bioconcentration, and is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a substance in octanol and water. For convenience, the logarithm of the Pow is used.

Ind. Values determined at about 20°C and 1 atmosphere should be given. Many log Pow values can be found in the Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals, K. Verschueren. (1983), van Nostrand Reinhold; or in Leo, A., Hansch, C., and Elkins, D. (1971), Partition coefficients and their uses. Chemical Reviews, 71(6), 525-616.

13000000

                 ¦   I M P O R T A N T   D A T A   ¦

13100000

PHYSICAL STATE; APPEARANCE:

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. Indicate the physical state using the table in explanation. A substance with a boiling point of 20°C should be classified as 'gas or liquid'; a substance with a melting point of 20°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'.

13101000

[]GAS

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point less than 15°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'gas'; a substance with a boiling point between 15 and 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as 'gas or liquid'. The COLOUR and/or 'ODOURLESS' may be added. Do not describe the odour as this is highly subjective and will depend on the concentration.

13102000

ODOURLESS

Ind. Generally not to be used for solid.

(24502)

13103000

[]COMPRESSED GAS

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. Use this phrase if a gas with a critical temperature <-10°C. Critical temperature is the highest temperature at which the gas can be condensed to liquid. The COLOUR and/or 'ODOURLESS' may be added. Do not describe the odour because this is highly subjective and will depend on the concentration.

11301

13105000

[]COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED GAS

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. Use this phrase if a gas with a critical temperature >-10°C. Critical temperature is the highest temperature at which the gas can be condensed to a liquid. The COLOUR and/or 'ODOURLESS' may be added. Do not describe the odour because this is highly subjective and will depend on the concentration.

(18125  18303)  11301  13741  18203   21239   24519

13107000

[]GAS DISSOLVED IN []UNDER PRESSURE

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point less than 15°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'gas'. The COLOUR and/or 'ODOURLESS' may be added. Do not describe the odour because this is highly subjective and will depend on the concentration. For this phrase, mention the name of the solvent in which the gas is dissolved.

13109000

[]CRYOGENIC LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

Cryogenic is a term applied to substances in very low temperatures.

Ind. Use this phrase in the case of liquefied gases kept in open containers (Dewar vessels) with a boiling point <-30°C at atmospheric pressure.

11303  18303   18125  21239    13743  18203

13111000

[]COLOURLESS LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'liquid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with 'VERY VOLATILE' if the saturated vapour pressure at 20°C >= 40 kPa (if p₂₀ is unknown, then if b.p. <40°C). Other indications, e.g., the COLOUR or ODOUR (see 13143), may be added.

13113000

[]LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'liquid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with 'VERY VOLATILE' if the saturated vapour pressure at 20°C >= 40 kPa (if p₂₀ is unknown, then if the b.p. <40°C). Other indications, e.g., the COLOUR or ODOUR (see 13143), may be added.

13115000

[]VISCOUS LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'liquid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with 'VERY VOLATILE' if the saturated vapour pressure at 20°C >= 40 kPa (if p₂₀ is unknown, then if the b.p. <40°C). Other indications, e.g., the COLOUR or ODOUR (see 13143), may be added.

13117000

[]FUMING LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B.: Other definitions may be used in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'liquid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with 'VERY VOLATILE' if the saturated vapour pressure at 20°C >= 40 kPa (if p₂₀ is unknown, then if the b.p. <40°C). Other indications, e.g., the COLOUR or ODOUR (see 13143), may be added.

13119000

[]HYGROSCOPIC LIQUID

Expl. Substances are classified as gas, liquid, or solid according to their boiling and melting points at atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa).

b.p °C

m.p. °C

gas

< 15

< 15

gas or liquid

15 - 30

< 15

liquid

>= 30

< 15

liquid or solid

>= 30

15 - 30

solid

>= 30

>= 30

N.B. Other definitions may be used: in national legislation!

Ind. A substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point less than 15°C should be classified as a 'liquid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and with a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with 'VERY VOLATILE' if the saturated vapour pressure at 20°C >= 40 kPa (if p₂₀ is unknown, then if the b.p. <40°C). Other indications, e.g., the COLOUR or ODOUR (see 13143), may be added.

(22305)

13121000

[]SOLUTION IN []

Expl. Some substances are generally supplied dissolved in a solvent. This phrase describes what percentage of the substance is present and the solvent.

Ind. Complete this phrase with the concentration (%), the name of the substance, and the name of the solvent.

13123000

[]CRYSTALS

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance with clearly crystalline form.

Ind. A substance with both a boiling point and a melting point greater than 30°C should be classified as a 'solid'; a substance with a boiling point greater than 30°C and a melting point between 15 and 30°C should be classified as 'liquid or solid'. Complete this phrase with the COLOUR and/or adjectives such as HYGROSCOPIC, DELIQUESCENT, DRY, etc. Combinations of the phrases may be made: e.g., 13123 'RED CRYSTALS'; 13131 'OR DRY RED POWDER'. Use a free phrase if necessary, in cases where a good description is not possible using fixed phrases.

(22305)

13125000

[]PELLETS

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance which is generally supplied in the form of pellets.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is generally supplied as pellets.

(22305)

13127000

[]FLAKES

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance in flake form.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied as flakes.

(22305)

13129000

[]LUMPS

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance which is generally formed into lumps.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied in the form of lumps.

(22305)

13131000

[]POWDER

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance which is generally supplied in the form of powder.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied as a powder.

(22305)

13133000

[]CRYSTALLINE POWDER

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance in finely divided but crystalline form.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied in finely divided, but crystalline form.

(22305)

13135000

[]PASTE

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid substance which is generally supplied as a paste (neither in liquid nor solid form).

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied in the form of a paste.

(22305)

13137000

[]SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS

Expl. Solids can exist in various forms largely dependent on their physicochemical properties. The form(s) in which they are generally found in the industrial setting are described. Describes a solid which is generally supplied in a number of forms.

Ind. Use this phrase if the substance is normally supplied as a solid in a variety of forms.

(22305)

13139000

[]

13141000

, WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Ind. Use for example for vapours from hydrochloric acid, sulfur oxides, ammonia, etc. Do not use if this property is only slight. Use only if the chemical has a clearly recognizable odour that is specific to the chemical. Do not describe the odour, as this is highly subjective, and will depend on the concentration.

13143000

, WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Expl. Many substances have a characteristic odour, but as this is subjective and depends on the concentration, it is not further described on the ICSC. Odour limits (thresholds) are also unreliable and are, therefore, not given. In NOTES an indication may be found concerning the relation between the odour limit and the Occupational Exposure Limit.

13145000

TURNS [] ON EXPOSURE TO [].

Expl. Some substances  may change colour under certain conditions such as on exposure to air or to light.

Ind. Complete this phrase with the colour and condition, e.g., 'TURNS YELLOW ON EXPOSURE TO AIR/LIGHT'.

13146000

[]

13147000

[]

13200000

PHYSICAL DANGERS:

13201000

The gas is heavier than air[].

Expl. Relates to gases with a relative vapour density greater than 1.1. When these gases are released, they will travel along the ground.

Ind. If a gas with relative vapour density (air = 1) >= 1.1

13203000

The vapour is heavier than air[]

Expl. Relates to substances for which the relative density of the vapour/air mixture relative to air is greater than 1.1. When these vapours are released they will travel along the ground.

Ind. If relative density of vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1) >= 1.1

13205000

and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible[].

Expl. Relates to substances for which the vapour density of the gas or the vapour/air mixture relative to air is greater than 1.1 and for which the flash point is < 21°C. When these vapours or gases are released they will travel along the ground and form an explosive mixture, even at a considerable distance from the source of emission.

Ind. Apply 13205 if 13201 or 13203 is used and the flash point < 21°C.

13207000

and may accumulate in lowered spaces causing a deficiency of oxygen.

Expl. Relates to substances for which the vapour density of the gas or the vapour/air mixture relative to air is greater than 1.1. When these vapours are released they will travel along the ground and may accumulate in lowered spaces displacing the air, resulting in oxygen deficiency.

Ind. Apply 13207 if 13201 is used and the gas:

- has no pungent odour (13141 is not used)

Apply 13207 if 13203 is used and the vapour:

- has no pungent odour (13141 is not used) AND

- has a vapour pressure (at 20°C) > 10 kPa

This phrase also applies to simple asphyxiants as defined by the ACGIH and having a density with respect to air >= 1.1.

(Refer to 13400 for OEL and ACGIH discussions).

24429   24431

13211000

The gas mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are formed easily.

Expl. This phrase applies to gases with a vapour density of the gas between 0.9 and 1.1 and with a flash point < 21°C. Although less dangerous than heavier gases or vapours, there is still a possibility of explosion.

Ind. Use if a flammable gas and the density relative to air >= 0.9 and < 1.1.

13213000

The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are formed easily.

Expl. This phrase applies to substances with a vapour density of the vapour/air mixture between 0.9 and 1.1 and with a flash point < 21°C. Although less dangerous than heavier vapours there is still a possibility of explosion.

Ind. Use if the vapour-air mixture of the substance has a density relative to air (at 20 °C) >= 0.9 and < 1.1 and the flash point < 21°C.

13217000

The gas is lighter than air.

Expl. Relates to combustible gases whose vapour density relative to air is < 0.9. When these gases are released they accumulate in the uppermost part of a building; exhaust facilities must be mounted high.

Ind. Use if a combustible gas with relative density to air < 0.9.

13221000

As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.

Expl. Electrostatic charges can be generated by the pumping, stirring, filtration, etc., of liquids having a conductivity lower than 10 000 pS/m. This occurs more readily when the liquids contain other liquids, gases, or solid particles (e.g., mixtures, suspensions). Equipment such as pumps, drums, piping, etc., become electrically charged and may make sparks when discharging to 'earth'. This may cause explosion of flammable vapour/air mixtures. A suitable remedy is to ground the conducting parts of such equipment.

In some cases of mist and dust explosions, it has also been assumed that static discharge has been the ignition source. In contrast to liquids, the conductivity of dust particles or droplets in dust clouds or mists is of little or no significance in the charge-generating capacity.

Ind. If a liquid (including liquefied compressed gas) with conductivity lower than 10 000 pS/m.

15207  (15209)

13222000

Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.

Expl. This is applicable to combustible substances which have the form of a powder or fine granules (diameter smaller than 0.5 mm). When well mixed with air, a substance in this form may deflagrate on ignition, even when somewhat humid. In a confined space, the deflagration may turn into an explosion. These dust explosions may be violent.

Ind. Applies if the substance is combustible and in the form of powder or granules with diameters smaller than 0.5 mm. Do not use this phrase if the literature contains evidence that when the substance is dispersed in air, it cannot be ignited.

15107    15217

13223000

If dry, it can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport, pouring, etc.

Expl. In such cases it is imperative to take special preventive measures. An expert should be consulted.

Ind. Applies if 13222 has been used and the substance is non-hygroscopic.

13225000

[]

13300000

CHEMICAL DANGERS:

13301000

The substance can form explosive peroxides[].

Expl. During storage, peroxides can be formed. During distillation and evaporation (by heating) the substance concentrates to peroxides and the residue is explosive. Peroxides should be neutralized before concentration with ferrous thiocyanate or by passing the liquid over a column of activated alumina. These substances should not be stored over 12 months. (See Annex for reference)

Ind. Apply if mentioned in list B of Data Sheet 1-655, National Safety Council, Chicago (USA) or if other definite indications of peroxide formation are present.

22301    22307    24513    (22405)

13303000

The substance can readily form explosive peroxides[].

Expl. Compounds that form peroxides that can explode even without being concentrated. Peroxides should be neutralized with ferrous thiocyanate or by passing the liquid over a column with activated alumina. These substances should not be stored over 3 months.

Ind. Apply if mentioned in list A of Data Sheet 1-655, National Safety Council. Includes substances such as isopropyl ether, diphenylacetylene, vinylidene chloride, potassium and sodium amide.

22301    22307    24513    (22405)

13305000

The substance can presumably form explosive peroxides[].

Ind. Apply only to substances that are not listed as peroxidizable compounds in Data Sheet 1-655 and when other definite indication are also lacking, but the chemical structure permits formation of peroxides.

22307    22301    24513

13307000

The substance can under specific circumstances []form peroxides, initiating explosive polymerization.

Expl. In some cases peroxides initiate polymerization. Peroxides are generally neutralized with ferrous thiocyanate or by passing the liquid over a column with activated alumina.

Ind. Applies if mentioned in list C of Data Sheet 1-655. For butadiene, chloroprene, and tetrafluoroethylene the phrase is completed with 'readily'.

(22301)     (22307)    (22401)    (22405)    24513

13311000

The substance []polymerize[]

Expl. Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which molecules of a substance combine to form larger molecules. This reaction generally involves liberation of heat, which may result in the building up of pressure or may give rise to fire and/or explosion.

Ind. This series of phrases (13311/19) may be combined as desired. This phrase can be used as such (i.e., The substance polymerizes.....) or can be completed with 'may' (i.e., The substance may polymerize .....).

13311010

may

13311030

will

13313000

due to warming[]

Ind. This phrase is used in connection with temperatures < 80°C. If known, temperatures should be mentioned, e.g., due to warming above 75°C.

22301

13315000

due to heating[]

Ind. This phrase is used in connection with temperatures > 80°C. If known, temperatures should be mentioned, e.g., due to heating above 100°C.

(22301)

13317000

under the influence of []

Ind. With this phrase, only general polymerization conditions/catalysts such as heat, light, acids/bases, metals, etc., should be mentioned; restrict to 4 items. Polymerization with other substances should only be mentioned if common chemicals.

(22307)     (22401)    22405

13317010

acid(s)

13317020

base(s)

13317030

heat

13317040

light

13317050

metals

13317060

temperatures above ##° C

13319000

with fire or explosion hazard.

Ind. (22301)    (22307)    (22401)    (22405)

13321000

Heating may cause violent combustion or explosion[].

Expl. This warning applies to substances that react as a result of self-heating or local heating, and continue to react even when no air is supplied. This results in a blazing combustion and in a 'confined' space may lead to a violent explosion.

Ind. Base the application of this and other phrases on explosion depending on data found in relevant literature.

14121    (24225)

13323000

May decompose explosively on shock, friction, or concussion.

Ind. Base the application of this and other phrases on explosion depending on data found in relevant literature.

14121    15215

13325000

May explode on heating[].

Ind. Base the application of this and other phrases on explosion depending on data found in relevant literature.

(14121)    (24225)

13327000

Shock-sensitive compounds are formed with [].

Ind. Base the application of this and other phrases on explosion depending on data found in relevant literature. Do NOT apply to shock-sensitive mixtures (e.g., due to contamination); use phrase 24223 instead.

(14121)    (24227)    (24225)

13329000

The substance may ignite spontaneously on contact []with air[].

Ind. Use the brackets to distinguish the reaction of the substance with water from the reaction with oxygen.  For example 'The substance may ignite spontaneously on contact with[ moisture in ]air[]. '

13331000

On combustion, forms [].

Expl. This phrase mentions important products of combustion. These substances may, in themselves, cause e.g. health hazards. The combustion of nearly all organic substances causes the formation of toxic gases, including carbon monoxide (CO). On these ICSCs, the formation of CO is mentioned if it constitutes a predominant part of the combustion products.

Ind. Complete with toxic/caustic/acid/irritant/combustible/flammable/gas/vapour/mists/ fumes/solid and, if known, with the name of combustion product(s) between parentheses. In general combustion often produces a mixture of undefined toxic gases and CO; therefore 'toxic gases' may suffices. With aromatic and hetero-aromatic compounds the formation of CO is so predominant that it should be mentioned. See also for reference to other ICSCs. An example could be: On combustion, forms toxic gas including nitrogen oxides. Use one of the series 13341/13357 for more complicated cases.

13331010

acetic acid fumes

13331020

acrolein

13331030

ammonia fumes

13331040

arsenic oxides

13331050

arsenic fumes

13331060

carbon monoxide

13331070

carbon sulfide

13331080

chlorine fumes

13331090

chlorine dioxide

13331100

corrosive gases

13331110

corrosive fumes

13331120

dioxins

13331130

hydrides

13331140

hydrogen bromide

13331150

hydrogen chloride

13331160

hydrogen cyanide

13331170

hydrogen iodide

13331180

hydrogen fluoride

13331190

hydrogen sulfide

13331200

hydrogen

13331210

nitrogen oxides

13331220

ozone

13331230

phosgene

13331240

phosphorus oxides

13331250

sulfur oxides

13331260

toxic gases

13331270

toxic fumes

13331280

toxic and corrosive gases

13331290

toxic and corrosive fumes

13331310

including

13333000

On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming [].

Ind. Only to be used for substances which are only slightly or not at all combustible and which, on heating in contact with air, decompose forming noxious gases/vapours. Phosgene is formed from chlorinated hydrocarbons if the chlorine atom is linked to an unsaturated carbon atom; in other cases only HCl is formed. Some nitrogen-compounds may develop nitrous fumes (i.e., nitrogen oxides or NO_x).

24511

13333010

acetic acid fumes

13333020

acrolein

13333030

ammonia fumes

13333040

arsenic oxides

13333050

arsenic fumes

13333060

carbon monoxide

13333070

carbon sulfides

13333080

chlorine fumes

13333090

chlorine dioxide

13333100

corrosive gases

13333110

corrosive fumes

13333120

dioxins

13333130

hydrides

13333140

hydrogen bromide

13333150

hydrogen chloride

13333160

hydrogen cyanide

13333170

hydrogen iodide

13333180

hydrogen fluoride

13333190

hydrogen sulfide

13333200

hydrogen

13333210

nitrogen oxides

13333220

ozone

13333230

phosgene

13333240

phosphorus oxides

13333250

sulfur oxides

13333260

toxic gases

13333270

toxic fumes

13333280

toxic and corrosive gases

13333290

toxic and corrosive fumes

13333310

including

13341000

The substance decomposes []

Ind. Do not use for elemental substances; use 13359 instead. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

13341010

rapidly

13341020

slowly

13343000

on warming []

Ind. Complete with a temperature value if one is known, e.g. '(above 70°C)'; use for temperatures <80°C. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

13345000

on heating []

Ind. Complete with a temperature value if one is known, e.g. '(above 85°C)'; use 13343 for temperatures < 80°C; if the temperature is unknown and the substance is combustible, use 13347. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

13347000

on burning []

Ind. Use if the substance is combustible. If no flash point, use 14129 where appropriate.

13349000

on contact with []

Ind. Only to be used if it reacts with common chemicals or chemical groups likely to be found in an industrial setting. Do not mention specific chemicals; only reaction products (13353) should be highlighted. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

(22201)

13349010

hot surfaces or flames

13349020

acids

13349030

bases

13349040

oxidants

13349050

water

13349080

or

13349090

and

13351000

under the influence of []

Ind. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

(22305)    (22307)    (22308)

13351010

air

13351020

light

13351030

UV light

13351040

moisture

13353000

producing []

Ind. Complete with toxic/caustic/acid/irritant/combustible/flammable/gas/vapour/ mists/fumes/solid and, if known, with the name of the decomposition product(s) between parentheses. In general combustion often produces a mixture of undefined toxic gases and CO; therefore 'toxic gases' may suffices. With aromatic and hetero-aromatic compounds the formation of CO is so predominant that it should be mentioned. If oxygen is produced, then combine with 13355. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

13353010

acetic acid fumes

13353020

acrolein

13353030

ammonia

13353040

arsenic oxides

13353050

arsenic fumes

13353060

carbon monoxide

13353070

carbon sulfide

13353080

chlorine

13353090

chlorine dioxide

13353100

corrosive gases

13353110

corrosive fumes

13353120

dioxins

13353130

hydrides

13353140

hydrogen bromide

13353150

hydrogen chloride

13353160

hydrogen cyanide

13353170

hydrogen iodide

13353180

hydrogen fluoride

13353190

hydrogen sulfide

13353200

hydrogen

13353210

nitrogen oxides

13353220

ozone

13353230

phosgene

13353240

phosphorus oxides

13353250

sulfur oxides

13353260

toxic gases

13353270

toxic fumes

13353280

toxic and corrosive gases

13353290

toxic and corrosive fumes

13353300

irritating fumes

13353320

including

13353330

and

13355000

, which increases fire hazard.

Ind. Apply to oxygen-carriers, e.g., nitrates, some organic peroxides, and other 'per'- compounds; see also UN Class 5.1. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

(14113)

13357000

, causing fire and explosion hazard.

Ind. Only use if the decomposition itself causes fire or explosion hazard; not on the fact that, for example, a combustible gas is produced. Can be combined when appropriate with any of the phrases.

13359000

On heating, toxic fumes are formed.

Ind. Can be used instead of 13341 for elemental substances, especially metals.

(14129)

13361000

The substance is a strong oxidant and reacts []with combustible and reducing materials[].

Ind. After 'reacts' the word 'violently' can be entered. The phrase can be completed by mentioning examples/special conditions. Strong oxidants are substances which readily respond to the potassium iodide I test by releasing iodine:

- Water-soluble substances: dissolve in a little water and adjust to pH 4-5, unless already acidic. Add a drop of the solution to 1 ml of a fresh 10% aqueous potassium iodide (KI) solution.

- Water-insoluble substances: add 0.1 g to 1 ml of a 10% solution of potassium iodide in acetic acid. A substance is also regarded as a strong oxidant if, when mixed with cellulose, the burning rate of the mixture equals or exceeds that of a mixture of barium nitrate and cellulose. This test is described in the Official Journal of the European Communities, L251, 19.9.1984.

(13703)    (13709-17)    (14113)    14205    18307    (19203)    21237    22201-02   24509

13361010

violently

13363000

The substance is a strong reducing agent and reacts []with oxidants[].

Ind. After 'reacts' the word 'violently' can be entered. The phrase can be completed by mentioning examples/special conditions. Applies to typical electron donors, generally described in the literature as 'strong reducing agents'. Most of them are readily oxidized by contact with air. An example is stannous chloride. Many organic substances, e.g., saturated, hydrocarbons, also react with strong oxidants but are not strong reducing agents in the above sense. For these substances use 13381.

18307    21237    22201-03    24509

13363010

violently

13365000

The substance[] may reduce the oxygen content of air.

Expl. The substance, when in contact with air in confined spaces, may deplete the oxygen content to a dangerous extent.

Ind. This hazard is most relevant for solid reducing agents.

24429    24431

13367000

The substance is a strong acid, it reacts violently with bases and is corrosive[].

Expl. Acids and bases are substances of mutually antagonistic character. Instead of 'bases', the terms 'alkaline' or 'caustic' substance are sometimes used. Both strong acids and bases are corrosive (mordant) to the skin and eyes. This property is generally known for acids, but the bases are just as dangerous in particular to the eyes. Strong acids and bases often react violently with other substances and attack many metals. Medium strong acids and bases are less dangerous but should not be handled carelessly. The terms strong acid applies to the well-known chemically strong acids (almost totally dissociating in water), including borderline cases with pH < 0.2.

Ind. Use for liquid acids with pH <= 0.2; use 13368 for solid salts which hydrolyze in water to acids. For calculation of the pH: See Appendix 4. The pH is for the saturated solution in water at 20°C, with a maximum of 10 molar. This phrase can be completed with indications of the materials towards which this strong acid is corrosive, as their corrosivities are not generally known. If hydrogen is evolved, mention this with the addition 'forming flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC0001)'.

(13703)    (13711/13/15/17)    22201    22205    23105    (24515)

13367010

to

13367020

aluminium

13367030

copper

13367040